DRONE SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS WITH EMPHASIS ON NAVIGATION AND CONTROL
DOI: https://doi.org/10.65725/JCISE/1/2/006
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (JCISE)
ISSN: 3107-8168
Volume 1 Issue 2, October 2025

Abstract
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have evolved into indispensable platforms for autonomous sensing, data acquisition, and aerial mobility across scientific, industrial, and societal domains. Their rapid growth is driven by advances in lightweight structural materials, intelligent power systems, embedded processors, multi-modal sensor integration, and high-bandwidth communication networks. This paper presents a comprehensive study of drone system fundamentals with a focused exploration of navigation and control mechanisms that enable reliable and autonomous operations. The technological foundations underlying UAV design— including aerodynamics, propulsion, embedded electronics, perception frameworks, and communication architectures—are systematically examined to highlight the engineering principles governing modern drone systems. Core aspects of dynamic modeling, feedback control, autonomous flight planning, and multi-sensor fusion are analyzed in relation to real time stability, precision maneuvering, and environmental adaptability. The paper also discusses recent developments in vision-based navigation, learning-driven control strategies, swarm intelligence, and human–drone interaction that contribute to next-generation UAV autonomy. Major application domains such as environmental monitoring, agriculture, infrastructure inspection, disaster response, and security are reviewed to demonstrate the practical relevance of intelligent drone systems. Finally, the study outlines ethical, regulatory, and research challenges that influence the integration of drones into future technological ecosystems. The findings emphasize the growing significance of UAVs as multifunctional, computationally intelligent aerial platforms capable of transforming diverse operational landscapes.  

Authors: Dr.D.Priyadharsini, Dr.S.Saranya, Dr.S.Sasikala

Keywords: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Autonomous Navigation, Drone Control Systems, Aerial Imaging Technologies, Emerging Drone Applications